Under the Constitution of India, Labour is the subject in the concurrent list where both the Central and State Governments are competent to enact legislation subject to certain matters being reserved for the centre.
| Union List | Concurrent List |
| Item No:35- Regulation of Labour and safety in mines and oil fields. | Item No:22- Trade Unions, Industrial and Labour disputes. |
| Item No:61- Industrial disputes concerning Union Employees. | Item No:23- Social Security and Social Insurance, Employment and unemployment. |
| Item No:24- Welfare of Labour, including condition of work, provident funds, employees liability, workman compensation, invalidity and old age pension and maternity Benefits. |